PETROLEUM (पेट्रोलियम) Petrol At some places in nature, a thick, viscous and dark colored liquid is found under the rock, which mainly contains aliphatic hydrocarbons up to C 1 to C 40 , this fluid is called refined oil or petroleum. The word petroleum is derived from the Latin words petra and olium which is found under rocks within the earth, hence it is also called mineral oil. Within the earth, this fluid floats above the salt solution. A gas atmosphere exists along with the floating petroleum inside the Earth, which is called natural gas. Petroleum is also called liquid gold. In the present era, this fluid is more valuable than gold for any nation. The progress of any nation depends to a large extent on how much petroleum it has. Its use is very important in various tasks like agricultural industry, traffic communication etc. This oil is found in the highest amount in the United States. Russia Venezuela is also found in greater quantities in Mexico, Burma etc. ...
paint
Paint contains liquid which is plated at the bottom of various objects in the form of a thin layer.Paint or perl is liquid or semicondilateral material which is plated at the bottom of various objects in the form of very thin layer. Later it sticks to the bottom in the form of a solid cover. The reason for turning into solids can be vaporization of the solvent, or chemical reactions, or both.
Pigments and carrier mixes are added in grinding. For this purpose, many kinds of grinding mills are used. The characters in which they are mixed are made of either corrosive steel, or their inner part is made of stone, or porcelain. To keep it cool, it is a jacket or a system to give a splash.
The methods of painting on the floor are different, such as by a shower, by placing the floor in a paint, or by brushing with a paste. The floor should remain clean in all circumstances. The paint which is used for wooden columns or furniture, and generally is of high quality. Such paints have to protect the work floor and make it attractive.
Classification of paints
Special types of paint are prepared to give special coatings to special characters. It depends on the nature of the floor and the purpose of the coating. Some paint dissolves in water and some do not dissolve in water. Paints can be classified in terms of special purposes:
1. Rajpath and Marg Paint - In the control of traffic on Rajpaths or roads, paint is marked by special use or experiment. Such paint should be quick and dry.
Antioxidant paint - These paint protect the objects from heat. Such paint usually contains aluminum.
3. Colloquial Paint - These are used in chemical factories and in special circumstances. In such paints, products made from rubber, or other materials similar to rubber, resin and tarrocks are used.
4. Painted paint - It is used in pigments that are illuminated in ultraviolet light. The phosphorescent paint remains glowing for some time even after the removal of the narrow light. Such paint decorations come in handy. Spreading radiation in the paint should be effective, for this, paint must be transparent towards ultraviolet light.
5. Paint-makers used in factories, special types of paint are used in factories for mkt, horse carts, furniture etc. nowadays: For motor car, alkidrazin, acrylic resins and ureawala paint are used: lacquer or varnish for furniture Are used. Ureawalas are used for bathrooms and pakashala factories. Eposi and unsaturated polyester paints are also being used now. They get an enamel coating.
6. Other paint - Paint used in construction, based on paint, oil or varnish, or optimum variety. There are many types of paints used on the outer parts of the house, but these are generally painted on a Tişi oil oil. Now the alkids or the axis are also used to be used. In order to bring the qualities of hardness, brightness, etc. in the cover of paint, many other substances, gum, alumen, emulsified casein etc. are added in paint in small amounts.
Structure
Prolapse is usually thinner in controlling pigment, a carrier, and thickness that connects the pigments. In addition to these, the extensioners and driers of small amounts are also added in some paintings. The work of sucking is primarily helpful in the drying of the paint, but some absorbent also perform special tasks.
Pigment
Generally inorganic substances contain. If organic pigments are suspended in them, they are called "lake". The pigment should generally be such that its overlay capacity is high, that it sticks quickly on the floor and its color is attractive. If it is colored, its color should be permanent and seasonable for light. Generally it should not be toxic. Chemistry: It should be inactive and cheap. The pigments of more importance are as follows:
White pigment - Zinc oxide, lead zinc oxide, zinc sulphide, lithopone (a mixture of barium sulphate and zinc sulphide) titanium oxide, antimony oxide, whiteness (basal ses carbonate), basal sesulfate etc.
Black Pigment - Various forms of carbon, carbon dia, aroma, osteoarthritis, black graphite, black oxide etc.
Neel Pigment - Ultrarmin, Prussian Blue, Chinese Blue, Melory Blue, Turnbull, Cobalt Oxide, Thalassociacin Blue etc.
Yellow pigment - cream yellow (basic lead chromate), zinc cream, cadmium yellow (cadmium sulphide), Hansa yellow.
Green pigment - cream green, chromium oxide green, chromium hydroxide green, phosphotogenetic green, thiocyaninin green etc.
Red pigment - Iron oxide, ocher, burnt siena, red lead, cadmium selenite, bainamine red, litharge etc.
Badami or brown - burnt amber, iron oxide, siena, burnt ocher etc.
Metallic pigment - Aluminum, copper, bronze and lead powders. Aluminum powders have been used for a long time. Good aluminum reservoir reserves well in the oil. It also brings shine too. Metals are used as powders, dust or panels. The metal panels have been used for many years and now their use is increasing day by day.
Toners
Today many substances are added to improve the color and brighten the color of the pigments. Such substances are called toners. These are all materials presented in artificial fashion. In general, there are dizo pigments that are formed by the combination of phenol of Dioeogic compounds. They are obtained in beautiful colors They can be neglected on inorganic expansions. This type of precipitation receives "lake". Rangers are generally absorbed on expanders.
Extenders
Expanders that are used in paint are chemically inactive. The purpose of mixing them in the pigment does not have to do adulteration in the pigment. This helps in keeping the paint on the bottom. This increases the thickness, thickness and overlap capacity. These also reduce the value of the paint, because these expansions are expected to be cheap. These can be added in 20 percent pigment. More important are expansive, baryaita or deficient barium sulfate, calcite or calcium carbonate, gypsum or calcium sulfate, soapstone or magnesium silk, ceramic or white soil. Grind them before finishing in paint and make them finer as needed.
Paintman
Solid pigments are required to be suspended in a liquid carrier so that they can be easily spread on the floor, or atomize them in the form of a spray. The fluids used for this are absorbent oil. In this form, Tissi oil is used in the highest amount, because it is cheap and available quickly. Some oils, such as tung oil, soybean oil, etc. are also used in place of Tissi oil. All these oils are thicker. To dilute them, many fluid solvents and collectors are treated. Such fluids are Tarpine oil, Petroleum spirit, solvent naphtha, multiple solar hydrocarbons, ethyl alcohol, and special special conditions in Vitthanol, Butyl Acetate, Emil Acetate, Acetone etc. Some solvent solvents have also proved to be good for this work. The use of solvents depends on a lot of their color, odor, poison, vapor speed, cheapness etc.
Driers
Some paint does not dry quickly. Some substances are added to dry the paints, which are called absorbers. Only a small amount of absorbers is sufficient. They bring dry and dry them by bringing changes in the physical and chemical properties of the paint. Their action is actually a catalyst. With this, only a small amount of them is necessary. Absorbent common metals, such as lead, manganese, cobalt etc., have soap or rosinate or organic carbohydrate (Carboxylate). Apart from drying this paint, it also makes it thicker and also brings shine in it. There are some absorbent niggish and deodorant also 1 similar paints are used to coagulate on fish webs.
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