PETROLEUM (पेट्रोलियम) Petrol At some places in nature, a thick, viscous and dark colored liquid is found under the rock, which mainly contains aliphatic hydrocarbons up to C 1 to C 40 , this fluid is called refined oil or petroleum. The word petroleum is derived from the Latin words petra and olium which is found under rocks within the earth, hence it is also called mineral oil. Within the earth, this fluid floats above the salt solution. A gas atmosphere exists along with the floating petroleum inside the Earth, which is called natural gas. Petroleum is also called liquid gold. In the present era, this fluid is more valuable than gold for any nation. The progress of any nation depends to a large extent on how much petroleum it has. Its use is very important in various tasks like agricultural industry, traffic communication etc. This oil is found in the highest amount in the United States. Russia Venezuela is also found in greater quantities in Mexico, Burma etc. ...
Synthetic fibers Synthetic fibers are yarn or fibers that are naturally produced (animals and plants) but not artificially produced. Generally speaking, the yarn is made by sending forces that are composed of some thin holes. History The idea of artificially producing yarn (fiber, fiber) was first raised in the mind of an English scientist Robert Hook. It is mentioned in his book, Micrographia, published in 1664 AD. After this, in 1734 AD a French scientist spoke of making synthetic yarn from resins; But it could not be given any practical form. For the first time in 1842 AD, British scientist Louis Schwab invented the artificial yarn machine. In this machine, fine porous tiles (nozzles) were used, through which the liquid derived was converted into a yarn. This is the main principle of today's machines that make yarns. Schwab had made a cotton yarn from the glass; But he was not satisfied with it. He appealed to British scientists to find good substances for making artific...